Using ICT in Early Years Education

Using ICT in Early Years Education Unit 6 ICT Development and learning unit 6 Introduction In this unit we will talk about ICT and ways in which it helps to develop the child’s learning. We will also talk about ways which children can be safe guarded during internet uses and ways which families could become involved into ICT in child’s learning. Having ICT in the child’s settings brings good opportunities for the children. The aim of the child care provider is to equip the children with the basic skills that are needed in order to their own learning as throughout the education system over the years. ICT is used into many and all the curriculum at the early stage of learning to use ICT which will help through and apperception of technology from the early age. 6.1 Explain the 7 types of skills that children may develop as a result of using ICT? Language. Increase Confident. Increase Knowledge. Mathematical development. Fine motor skill. Gross motor skill. Creative. Language. Through ICT children have an opportunity to develop language skills also discussion with peer’s, by use of the’ qwerty ‘key board for recognising the simple words like their names and age. Increase Confidence. Working with computers and technology operation that children have a greater senses of confident when they are using new physical skills. This helps them to boost confident when new intellectual skills are used. When using ICT it helps children to curry out deeper level. Now days most children see computer games rather than learning tools ,that’s why if we use task set with the computer children will learn in a fun way and helps them to encourage and explore new learning and building up with their confidence. Increase in world of knowledge. Most and many of daily life are used by computer technology as by television, hand held games consoles, traffic lights and more other things. Children at a early age exposure to computers there are different types of technology that can be used as will of part of life, also helps to get a good job too. Mathematical Development. All children have the chances to use mathematical software, this is now used into many per- school interactive games to support and help out with the mathematical learning .Different types of programmes gives all the children the opportunity to learn shapes and to curry out of different ways of calculations which is in a fun and educational way. Fine motor skills. ICT has many movements ,such as mouse control this helps clicking or selecting shapes on the computer screen or may be clicking and dragging a cursor to select or may high light items of text .Using ICT such as touch screen technology has added fact to fine motor skills development. Also using touch screen device or computers has different movements of fingers to the mouse clicking ,which this helps to gain the types of fine motor skills that can help to develop. Gross motor skills. In many and most child care setting ,where the child may have the access to an interactive white board where they will be able to starch and touch varies parts of the white board and use a large pen to write on the screen. Creative Development. Children have the chances to explore through the use of ICT software programmes. It gives children the opportunities to express themselves creatively by drawing basic pictures, which helps them to drag and drop items onto the screens. This will also give them the chances to use colours and graphics’. The type of program could be used is Microsoft paint program which will help children to expose children to use computer drawing with the access to fined and fatter brush and pain ,colours. A good explanation of the skills that can be developed through using ICT. 6.2 Construct a booklet which can be issued to parents which identifies safety concerns for children using ICT, and how these concerns are being addressed in the child care setting. Safety concerns for children using ICT in child care setting. The key is to ensure that children have access to ICT which offers them opportunities to develop general skills and also extends their specific knowledge of that technology. Given the range of computer hardware and software now available on the educational and toy the range of computer hardware and software now available on the educational and toy market it has become increasingly difficult to make informed choices between them. The DATEC’s publication of guidance material for parents and practitioners is therefore calculated to provide for a pressing community need. It is based on research with Practitioners and researchers in the field. Ensure an educational purpose. Typical educational uses of ICT might be something as simple as the introduction of a pretend mobile telephone to encourage imaginative role play, which children from a very early age will do quite naturally. The educational benefits of imaginative role play are well documented. A favourite computer application with many children, is ‘Make a bug’ from the CD-ROM Millie’s Math House. This can be integrated as part of a more general class project, for example about insects and minibeasts. But any application introduced to children in order to develop understanding and experience of ICT should not just be enjoyable, although this is important. It should be educationally effective too. However entertaining most arcade-type games might seem, they provide little encouragement of creativity or, indeed, any other games might seem, they provide little encouragement of creativity or, indeed, any other worthwhile learning outcome and should therefore be rejected. This is not to suggest that applications should not be fun or used for leisure, only that they should be carefully chosen to have some educational value as well. Many settings and some homes use language and number drill-and-practice programs, but these have very narrow educational aims, such as practising addition or learning colours. Such programs should be used with caution, as they promote a very directive form of teaching, normally with the use of an external reward (a smiling face, a tick or a funny teaching, normally with the use of an external reward (a smiling face, a tick or a funny sound). Over-reliance on this kind of program risks reducing children’s intrinsic Such programs should be used with caution, as they promote a very directive form of Sound). Over-reliance on this kind of program risks reducing children’s intrinsic Teaching, normally with the use of an external reward (a smiling face, a tick or a funny sound). Over-reliance on this kind of program risks reducing children’s intrinsic motivation to learn. In any event there are usually much more interesting ways of learning about these Things (see ‘Ensure the child is in control’, below). Children need a variety of applications which encourage a range of development, including learning about this sound). In any event there are usually much more interesting ways of learning about these. Children need a variety of applications which encourage a range of development. Where the computer use is integrated with other activities and the computer is used Effectively as a tool, for instance in imaginative role play, modelling or painting, children will benefit from greater movement and exercise away from the computer. Use of the computer should not be at the expense of outdoor opportunities and experiences which promote developing essential gross motor skills through running, climbing, jumping, and swinging using wheeled toys. Daily and frequent access to outdoor experiences is essential for all children and their development. Some ICT applications can encourage playing and being outdoors. Metal detectors have already been mentioned. Identifying ICT in the outdoor environment when out walking or using programmable toys outside can help but is no childhood (though it’s always possible for some young children to be taking digital pictures of their friends and them. Involving parents. Research suggests that home–school communication leads to better understanding and more positive attitudes for teachers and parents about each other’s roles. Many studies which have the children all collaborate towards the same goals (Siraj-Blatchford, I. et al. 2002). Schools also report that Children show a more positive attitude towards learning under these circumstances, and are better behaved. Parent involvement is therefore a component of effective schools with merits which merits special consideration. When participation is well planned it can promote higher success in pupils And lead to more successful family environments. Communication between professional educators and parents is crucial in the early years and a more articulated set of aims. Educators and parents is crucial in the early years and a more articulated set of aims Between the home and early years setting can lead to better outcomes for children. But many staff is ill-equipped to know what strategies to adopt to foster better home–school Research shows that there is currently very little knowledge in settings about The children’s ICT experiences at home and that this not an area on which parents are special consideration. When participation is well planned it can promote higher success in pupils Research shows that there is currently very little knowledge in settings about the children’s ICT experiences at home and that this not an area on which parents are special consideration. When participation is well planned it can promote higher success in pupils and lead to more successful family environments. Communication between professional the children’s ICT experiences at home and that this not an area on which parents are. Location of ICT equipment. Placing the computer in a correct and safe place where it should be that the child’s provider can see at all times to make sure that the material is being used safely. When talking about ICT we should remember to use not just computers and laptops .All children should have the access the internet through WI –Fi connection such as iPods, mobile phones. These are and may be needed to keep an eye on all times to make sure children are being safe from the they are using on the computers. Safe search Engines. We should always remember to tab the history on the Brower that is being used by the child care setting .It is important so that we know what the child has been doing for safety corners. 6.3 Identify and describe the various ways in which ICT can be used to support the early years foundation stage curriculum .Reference should be made to the various types of ICT available, not just computers? The different ways in which Early years foundation stage ICT is into the curriculum and also the following early learning goals are; Early years foundation stage which is used into ICT are and the learning goals; Literacy. Communication. Mathematics. Physical development. Literacy Early learning goals Starts to read and understand simple sentences. They are more able to use phonics, uses different words that are used most of the time. Likes to talk to others about what they have read about. ICT Skills that can be used. White board can be used in different ways with the vast programmes that is being used to help children form new words. Computer programmes also helps children with their reading skills. Communication and language. Children start to listen well. They love listening to stories, hear and respond to comments and questions. Many children start to follows rules, ideas and actions. Children also learn to express themselves. ICT skills that can be used. Have a role play in the role play area by setting up computer check in the desk also having a game of visiting a doctor’s surgery. Could use a cordless telephone which will help children to make conversation with each other children. Children could film each other in a role play .Children also can video camera under supervision to create their own film. For computer use children can use images that children to match word to, also print images and text them together. Mathematics. Children start to learn numbers 1 to 20 and place the number and can realize which number is more or one. Uses objects to add and take way and counts backwards finding the correct answer. ICT that can be used. White board to short of different coloured shapes. Shapes can be drawn on the computer. Different types of paint programs are there for use. Also children can walk around the nursery and see the different shapes from everyday objects. Physical development. Most children start to show control of co-ordination with in bigger and smaller movements. Children start to feel more confident .They start to use everything in a correct manner. Children start to understand the importances for good health and diet and talk about ways to keep healthy. ICT skills can be used. Learn how to control a mouse. Learns how to use white board and smaller touch screen device which can be used to help to develop gross motor skills. Starts to take on t as helping in activity such as cookery and may be involved using healthy food. 6.4 Identify the ways in which families can become involved in ICT, including in particular the ways in which the child care setting can promote its use. Parents helping children to use ICT at home is very beneficial and helping children with their learning. As the child care provider who can help on how to use ICT in parents to communicate via email instead of pepper .There is also CCTV monitoring is available for all parent’s to have an access on to secure website which they could watch their child and what they are doing. As for parents there are many different courses that is there to help them learn the knowledge of ICT also how it helps and how to use ICT. There are different kind of programmes that all parents can learn to teach their children such as laminators, digital cameras. They can also help with basic ICT skills that is needed to help to increase their knowledge. Ways in which families could help children with ICT at home. Some studies have looked at the benefits of having access to a computer and/or the Internet at home. à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ · used effectively, ICT can improve children’s achievement. à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ · using ICT at home and at school develops skills for life. à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ · Children with supportive and involved parents and carers do better at school. à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ · Children enjoy using ICT. à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ · using ICT provides access to a wider and more flexible range of learning Materials. USING ICT AT HOME Obviously access to a computer at home is highly desirable. If the student has access to a computer then they can continue their studies at a time that is convenient to them. Access to the Internet is also extremely helpful since many of the tutorials and materials for ICT are stored electronically and can be downloaded From the school network via the Internet. Nonetheless, for those without access to the Internet, a portable USB memory stick can prove to be a value substitute, allowing the students to easily copy materials in school and take them home. We have been known in many studies in the UK and across the world on ICT’s effect on learning and teaching, and on the importance of having access to computers and/or the internet at home, both for children and parents. How you can help your child at home. ICT is not just about using computer. It is also includes the use of controllable toys , digital cameras and everyday staff such as DVD player ,mobile phone ,Nintendo the list well never end. As a parent or carer you could help your child with things of ICT at home to improve their skills for everyday use. Writing a letter to someone. Sending an email to a friend. Drawing a picture on screen. Using the Internet to research on home work. Using interactive games. Parents that help children with ICT at home it helps in many ways which will help them to improve with their work and skills which will help them to meet their target of work set for them. It will give them the chance to boost their confidantes. Developing this theme of the visual we use our digital cameras to record children’s progress and achievements which we share with parents. Again, how much more enjoyable and informative is a photograph than a tick box! Physical development, creative development and personal and social education especially lend themselves towards being reflected through a visual medium. We use our digital camera to communicate with parents about their children’s experiences, we load them onto the computer and use photos as screen savers and use our touch screen monitor so parents can turn the screen page photographs at a touch. Also there are many other things and ways in which a parent can help their child to learn the way they need to meet their goal that they have too. References Question 1 Open study college folder. Question 2 Light, P Butterworth (1992) context and origination of learning and knowing, Hemel Hempstead; Harvester wheatear online. Question 3 Open study college folder. http;//osclinks.com/99 Question 4 Open study college folder.

Computers In Business :: essays research papers

Computers In Business - ------------------------- In the business world today, computers and the software applications that run on them basically control a well organized business. Every major company is equipped with a computer, or network that connects through different branches throughout the firm. Computer Hardware: To keep up with the fastest technology that dominates the market is to be a sensible buyer. A system can be outdated in a matter of two years time. Software applications based on today's needs require more hard disk space and speed to run efficiently. The most powerful system would be the 586 machine which was developed in November, 1992. The space required on a business system depends on the firm. If a company has a network, their memory would range on the applications required to run the system productively. A one to three gigabyte hard drive would be most common for businesses. To keep these applications on the computer, you need a fair amount of RAM memory as well as hard disk space. An application developed in 1993, probably will be to powerful and run quite slow on a previous system that was 'top of the line' in 1991. That's why it is important for companies to understand that they must think years down the road before spending thousands of dollars on the technology of today. The best way is to prepare for the future such as making sure your mainframe is upgradeable and contains at least 8 expansion slots, which should already be loaded with enhanced graphics cards, the necessary amount of serial ports etc.. Networks are everywhere in the world of business. A network is a series of computers throughout the company which rely on one or two fileservers. Or it can be used in long distance communication through modem. An example would be that a company located in Calgary can call up its other branch in Toronto via modem, also able to up and download valuable files or records. Networks have their disadvantages also. Computer viruses are always present somewhere in a disk or computer system ready to strike. If an over powering, destructive virus enters a network system, all data can be severely damaged or lost completely. That's why there is back-up drives to store existing data that is written onto the disk each day. Anti virus programs are there to alert the user and wipe the virus off the system before it does any destruction to the data stored on the network. As far as practicality and mobility is concerned, the laptop has been around for quite a long time. A laptop computer is a Computers In Business :: essays research papers Computers In Business - ------------------------- In the business world today, computers and the software applications that run on them basically control a well organized business. Every major company is equipped with a computer, or network that connects through different branches throughout the firm. Computer Hardware: To keep up with the fastest technology that dominates the market is to be a sensible buyer. A system can be outdated in a matter of two years time. Software applications based on today's needs require more hard disk space and speed to run efficiently. The most powerful system would be the 586 machine which was developed in November, 1992. The space required on a business system depends on the firm. If a company has a network, their memory would range on the applications required to run the system productively. A one to three gigabyte hard drive would be most common for businesses. To keep these applications on the computer, you need a fair amount of RAM memory as well as hard disk space. An application developed in 1993, probably will be to powerful and run quite slow on a previous system that was 'top of the line' in 1991. That's why it is important for companies to understand that they must think years down the road before spending thousands of dollars on the technology of today. The best way is to prepare for the future such as making sure your mainframe is upgradeable and contains at least 8 expansion slots, which should already be loaded with enhanced graphics cards, the necessary amount of serial ports etc.. Networks are everywhere in the world of business. A network is a series of computers throughout the company which rely on one or two fileservers. Or it can be used in long distance communication through modem. An example would be that a company located in Calgary can call up its other branch in Toronto via modem, also able to up and download valuable files or records. Networks have their disadvantages also. Computer viruses are always present somewhere in a disk or computer system ready to strike. If an over powering, destructive virus enters a network system, all data can be severely damaged or lost completely. That's why there is back-up drives to store existing data that is written onto the disk each day. Anti virus programs are there to alert the user and wipe the virus off the system before it does any destruction to the data stored on the network. As far as practicality and mobility is concerned, the laptop has been around for quite a long time. A laptop computer is a

TransitionTheoryAfafIbrahimMelesis

My goal was to help hem stay as independent as possible so they could remain in their own living environment as well as reduce hospitalizing and improve outcomes for the company worked for. Started to incorporate some of the concepts used in the Transition Theory but more specifically the work of Mary Anally and Janet Van Cleave who developed the Transitional Care Model from the University of Pennsylvania. By implementing the role of a transitional care nurse, I was able to support my patient's with tools and information they needed to help them stay healthy enough to remain in their own home.FAA Abraham Miles is a reorient nurse sociologist, educator, theorist, and researcher that began her nursing career in her native Egypt in the sass's (Alligator, 2014). FAA Miles first developed Transition Theory while working on her doctorate in the mid sass's and further developed it over the next three decades while working as a nurse educator and researcher. She conceptualized the idea of Tr ansition Theory as it applies to nursing practice while working on her idea of role supplementation.Her theory is described as having four types of transition- developmental, situational, health/illness, and organizational Mà ªlà ©es, Sawyer, Im, Hollering-Messiahs, & Schumacher, 2000, p. 17). FAA Miles Transitions Theory is used as its theoretical basis for the University of Pennsylvania center call Transitions and Health, directed by Mary Anally (Alligator, 2014). Was first introduced to transitional care at a nursing conference attended to seek ways to improve outcomes for our chronically ill older patients and to keep them at home instead of being admitted in the hospital or nursing home.Often times a patient who is chronically ill is admitted to the hospital over multiple episodes of care for an exacerbation of an illness along with other commodities. Once the patient is stable, they are discharged to home with a plan of care that does not reflect their needs, goals, learning style, or literacy level (Anally & Van Cleave, 2010, p. 459). Usually nobody is involved in developing the discharge plan from his family or in the teaching of new medications prescribed. There may even be possible dietary changes that need to be made by the patient.I am sure the hospital does an exceptional job managing their acute medical episode but they do not have time to address the â€Å"root cause† of their multiple, recent hospitalizing (Anally & Van Cleave, 2010, p. 459). Most patient's do not understand what was discussed with them while inpatient. They just want to go home and will say they understand just to be able to do just that. They may not have the means to get to the pharmacy to get their new medications or they may not be able to afford the new medication. There are so many variables that can occur and that is why a transitional nurse may be beneficial.According to Anally & Van Cleave, the Transitional Care Model (ETC) provides comprehensive discharge pl anning and home follow-up care for chronically ill, high risk older adults admitted to the hospital for common deiced conditions. A transitional care nurse, who is usually master-prepared, follows patients from the hospital to their homes, providing evidence-based services aimed to meet the patient and family goals, improve health outcomes, and stop usual patterns of going to the emergency room for non- emergent needs (Anally & Van Cleave, 201 0, p. 60). The transitional care nurse focuses on increasing the patient and family ability to manage the frequent transitions in health that characterize chronic illness trajectory (Anally & Van Cleave, 2010). In relation of person, transition theory takes into inconsideration that all people are unique and will interpret their transition in different ways. The nurse must be able to assess how the patient perceives their change and develop therapeutics geared toward their perception, assessing for feedback along the way (Chick & Miles, 1986). This can be achieved by using the Transitional Care Model as a guideline. The home care agency worked for decided that I would follow our patients with a diagnosis of congestive heart failure and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder with commodities and Medicare was their primary insurance. My role as the ruinations care nurse was to be the primary coordinator of care to assure that there was continuity of care throughout the next thirty days (episode of care) and readmission would be avoided.When a patient of ours was admitted to the hospital, I would visit the patient to do an in-hospital assessment and speak to the discharge planner to let them know what my role was once the patient was discharged. Once the patient was home, I would make home visits every week for the first two weeks and then follow- up phone calls the third and fourth week. Also was available by phone if they needed me anytime in between. My first home visit consisted of helping them fill out a personal hea lth record which included current medications, medical conditions, emergency contacts and so forth.This is when I would discover if they really understood what medications they were supposed to be taking and if they knew the reason why they were taking it for. Most patients had no clue why they were taking medicine for what medical condition or they were not taking the medication as prescribed by their physician because they did not think it was that important or they could not afford it. Sometimes the patient was taking the same medication but the deicing was labeled differently from different pharmacies. Ad the time to explain what each medication was and what it was used for. Was also able to resolve any medication discrepancy from the discharge instructions for the patient. We would call the physician's office together so it gave them a sense of well-being and gave them control of their own health which is a positive outcome according to Melanie's transition theory. The second h ome visit usually consisted of education regarding their diagnosis and which â€Å"red flags† to be aware of pertaining to their illnesses.Socioeconomic status, education bevel, and cultural beliefs all affect potential health related outcomes (Mà ªlà ©es et 2000). It is important as a nurse to be mindful of how to present information in a way that the patient will understand and be willing to make the changes needed to remain a healthful person. Emphasis on early identification of â€Å"red flags† and how the patient and/or family responds to the symptoms is a way to achieve positive outcomes and avoid readmission (Anally & Van Cleave, 201 0, p. 461).Contact is made via a telephone call instead of a home visit for the third and fourth consultation. This is the time hat would answer any remaining medication questions, discuss the outcomes of their recent follow-up appointment with either their primary care physician or specialist, help them make an appointment with t heir physicians if they have not already done so, and reinforce when or if the patient would need to seek medical treatment. Often times, the patient and or family felt comfortable with their health goals because they were a part of making them which made them feel more accountable.Even though would not be following up with them on a regular basis they knew they could contact me and I would help them in any way I could. While in my role as the transitional care nurse, felt I made a difference in the company by improving outcomes and patient satisfaction. It was very rewarding to be a part of the patients health experience but in a different way than I was before. I witnessed a transition or change in the patients attitude towards their health because they were made to be a part of the process not just a person with an illness who did not know anything.Unfortunately, due to zero reimbursement from insurance companies, the transitional care nurse position was eliminated. The Transitio nal Care Model is a good concept but more research deeds to be done so insurance companies can see the value in such a program. Ms. Melanie's Transition Theory has been applied to many different nursing research projects that apply to distinct populations undergoing change (Alligator, 2014). Through the nursing research that is being performed at the university of Pennsylvania where Ms.

Classroom Management Critique Essays

Classroom Management Critique Essays Classroom Management Critique Essay Classroom Management Critique Essay Running head: Research Analysis and Article Critique Research Analysis and Article Critique Kellee Holland EDD/711 Student discipline and classroom management are among the highest concerns of teachers, administrators, and community members. Classroom management defeat is one of the most common reasons that teachers change professions. The School wide Positive Behavioral Support program is an approach that schools are implementing to prevent behavioral problems. About 7,500 schools across 40 states are now implementing variations of school wide PBS (Sugai, G. 008). The school wide Positive Behavioral Supports approach is a three tiered program implemented by schools to improve or prevent behavioral challenges. In the first tier, students are taught a social skills curriculum that is positive, formal, and in support of the academic school mission. This strategy is implemented in every aspect of the school community including areas outside of the classroom. Only about twenty to thirty percent of students will need a more intensified approach if the school does an excellent job with school wide social skills. These students typically have trouble socially, break rules, and have difficulty following directions. The second tier is a more intense approach and is usually used in a small group setting. The session includes social skill instruction, counseling, and conflict management. At the tier three level students receive individualized counseling. Prompting, positive reinforcement, and counseling are among the strategies used to improve behavior. Students move throughout the tiers based on their individual needs. The distinguishing factors of the tiers include size of grouping, frequency of interaction, and adult supervision. When it comes to discipline, schools should model positive behavior and spend less time reacting to negative behavior. For students who are academically and socially successful, the code of conduct provides boundaries for rule breaking behaviors. Tier two and tier three would be used for those students who are noncompliant and have trouble cooperating with adults. Positive Behavioral Support is implemented in schools by first establishing a leadership team. The school creates a mission statement by teaching students positive social skills, respect, responsibility and safety. Students will receive positive feedback for emulating positive behavior. Consequences are established in the form of a discipline handbook or code of conduct. Schools monitor the effect of this approach by keeping records of office referrals. A survey is given to the staff and students to determine how the school climate is perceived from various viewpoints. I have found this information to be very helpful. Many times as an educator, I have students who are defiant or insist on breaking school and classroom rules. Through productive research, I have found that these students need a modified approach. Intervention is often used for students who are struggling academically. After reading this article, I can begin implementing strategies and modeling specific behaviors that can ensure an increase in positive behavior in the classroom. Reference Sugai, George. Beyond the Discipline Handbook: How Schools Can Implement a Positive Approach to Managing Student Behavior | | . (2009). Education Digest: Essential Readings Quick Review, v75 n3 p37-41 Nov 2009 , 75(3), 37-41.

Free Essays on Nikki Giovanni

The Poems of Nikki Giovanni This research is a study of poems of Nikki Giovanni, a twentieth century African American writer. Giovanni is very versatile writer; she wrote novels, short stories, as well as essays. The most outstanding works of Giovanni includes â€Å"Black Judgment†, â€Å"Black Feelings and Black Talk†, and â€Å"Re: Creation†. Nikki Giovanni has received three NAACP Image awards for her most recent collection; also she is the first recipient of the Rosa Parks Woman of Courage award and holds the Langston Hughes Medal for outstanding poetry. Nikki Giovanni was motivated to write politically and artistically radical poems aimed at raising awareness of black rights and promoting the struggle for racial equality. This study however includes a number of Giovanni’s poems where in social injustice is the principle theme. According to Giovanni African Americans were treated unfairly and human rights were abused. Giovanni uses example of issues with African American, strugg les of radical equality, and crimes against humanity. In this poem â€Å"Concerning One Responsible with Too much Power†, Giovanni illustrates social injustice by creating images of what social injustice means. â€Å"Scared? Are responsible Negroes running scared? I understand I’m to be sued and you say you can’t fight fifteen hundred national guards, men so you’ll beat the shit out of poor Black me (no doubt because I’ve castrated you) dynamite came to your attention and responsible negroes tell the cops your tongue must be removed since you have no brain to keep it in check aren’t you turned around teaching tolerance how can I tolerate genocide my cup is full and you already know we have no ability to delay gratification. I only want to reclaim myself I even want you to reclaim yourself but more and more I’m being convinced that death responsible Negro is the first step toward my reclamation it’s very sad I’d normally stop and cry but... Free Essays on Nikki Giovanni Free Essays on Nikki Giovanni The Poems of Nikki Giovanni This research is a study of poems of Nikki Giovanni, a twentieth century African American writer. Giovanni is very versatile writer; she wrote novels, short stories, as well as essays. The most outstanding works of Giovanni includes â€Å"Black Judgment†, â€Å"Black Feelings and Black Talk†, and â€Å"Re: Creation†. Nikki Giovanni has received three NAACP Image awards for her most recent collection; also she is the first recipient of the Rosa Parks Woman of Courage award and holds the Langston Hughes Medal for outstanding poetry. Nikki Giovanni was motivated to write politically and artistically radical poems aimed at raising awareness of black rights and promoting the struggle for racial equality. This study however includes a number of Giovanni’s poems where in social injustice is the principle theme. According to Giovanni African Americans were treated unfairly and human rights were abused. Giovanni uses example of issues with African American, strugg les of radical equality, and crimes against humanity. In this poem â€Å"Concerning One Responsible with Too much Power†, Giovanni illustrates social injustice by creating images of what social injustice means. â€Å"Scared? Are responsible Negroes running scared? I understand I’m to be sued and you say you can’t fight fifteen hundred national guards, men so you’ll beat the shit out of poor Black me (no doubt because I’ve castrated you) dynamite came to your attention and responsible negroes tell the cops your tongue must be removed since you have no brain to keep it in check aren’t you turned around teaching tolerance how can I tolerate genocide my cup is full and you already know we have no ability to delay gratification. I only want to reclaim myself I even want you to reclaim yourself but more and more I’m being convinced that death responsible Negro is the first step toward my reclamation it’s very sad I’d normally stop and cry but...

Marketing strategies to attract buyers in times of financial crisis Essay

Marketing strategies to attract buyers in times of financial crisis - Essay Example The aim of this paper is to find out how companies in different parts of the world have responded to the global financial crisis in terms of changing their marketing strategies to address the changed needs and preferences of the customers during the financial crisis. Questions that are answered in this paper include; what are the patterns of change in the needs and preferences of the customers during the financial crisis? What are the principles of successful marketing during the times of financial crisis? What should be the companies’ focus during financial crisis to sustain their business and profitability despite the economic pressure? A lot of research has been recently made to study the effects of the recent global financial crisis on the companies as well as the consumers. During any financial crisis, consumers generally become worried about their future psychologically whether or not they have experienced the physical effects of the financial crisis in terms of lack or insufficiency of money themselves. This causes the consumers to become very much concerned about proper use of their money. The preferences of consumers change from luxuries to basic necessities, and they become very critical about the quality of products they purchase. This has many implications on the companies because they need to redesign their marketing strategies to address the changed needs and preferences of the consumers. Findings of this research and the topic of this term paper is of huge significance to the companies that are doing business in the contemporary age when the economy is recovering from the effects of the recent global financial crisis. Also, companies can benefit from these findings in the future during any possible financial crisis. Answers to the aforementioned questions have been found from a review of literature based on the findings of latest researches made to study the effect of the recent global financial crisis on the consumers’ behavior and the market strategies of the companies. 2. Current Research on the Topic 2.1 Effect of Financial Crisis on the Customers’ Behavior and Companies Market Strategies in Romania (Nistorescu and Puiu) conducted a qualitative study to study the way marketing strategies were adapted by the Romanian retailers to the changed buying behavior of the consumers during the global financial crisis. To accomplish this, (Nistorescu and Puiu) collected the empirical data from two companies, namely Carrefour and Real Hypermarket that belong to the Romanian retail sector. The researchers collected the primary data from the information shared on their websites, articles, as well as their annual reports. (Nistorescu and Puiu) observed the implementation of similar changes in the needs and preferences of their consumers during the crisis. Accordingly, both companies adopted similar marketing strategies during the financial crisis e.g. both used loyalty programs and in-store commercial to strengthe n their contact with their respective customers. 2.2 Effect of Financial Crisis on the Customers’ Behavior and Companies Market Strategies in Turkey (Koksal and Ozguk) conducted a quantitative research to examine the effect of financial crisis

How media artefacts affect our conception of reality Essay

How media artefacts affect our conception of reality - Essay Example We are placed in a consumer society and media, which brings in the importance of learning how to interpret, understand, and criticizing its messages and meanings. They participate in contributing to educate us on what we feel, fear, think, desire, and how to behave. They also show us how to consume, look, dress, avoid failure, and be successful/ popular (Verbeek & Slob, 2006). Cultural is one on itself that is focusing on the mass and media marketing. Due to extensive advertising and publicity, all the cultural products, which include human beings, are treated as commodities who share little to no meaning. This industry provides a reason to believe individual is an illusion manipulated by the authority of those in dominant class. Horkheimer and Adorno define cultural industry through its focus on the mass and media marketing. Technology, Monopoly, and Mass Production are three specific ideas of characterising cultural media. Horkheimer and Adorno addressed how big corporations contro l culture industry due to their large vertical and horizontal integration. Our society is representing a society which is heavily induced by cultural media and mass marketing. Cultural industry theory explains the concept of consumers selling out to the dominant cultures. In some aspects this is true but Adorno and Horkheimer gave much power to the class ruling and their abilities of producing ideal consumers. Media give us directions on ways to avoid failure, and conforming to various dominant systems of values, institutions, norms, and practices (Bishop, 2005). It is important to gain critical media literacy as a resource for citizens and individuals when learning to cope up with cultural environment. It is important to learn how to criticize, and read, socio-cultural manipulation to help in empowering in relation to the dominant culture and forms of media. It enhances sovereignty of individual as well as media culture by giving people power in cultural environment. The essay will feature most on contributions of cultural perspective to media literacy and critique. Recently, cultural studies have emerged as the best approach to study of society and culture. A project study was conducted in the University of Birmingham, which is the centre for cultural studies. This led to the development of various critical methods for the interpretation, criticism, and analysis of cultural methods. In 1960s and 1970s, there were internal debates and respondents to social movements and struggles. The group focused on interplay of ideologies and representations of gender, ethnicity, class, nationality, and race in cultural texts, which include media culture (Hillis, 1999). This group was among those who studied the effects of television, radio, film, newspaper and other cultural forms on audiences. The group also focused on the use of media culture and interpretation differently by various audiences. They analyzed on the factors, which made audiences respond to various media texts in contrasting ways. It is demonstrated by British cultural studies on how culture constituted distinct forms of the group and identity membership through the study of youth subcultures. Materials, which are used to construct views of identities, world, and behaviour, are provided by media culture for cultural studies. Those who follow the dictates of cultural media uncritically will mainstream themselves and thereby conforming to the dominant behaviour,